4G has just approached the average consumer, 5G is already on the way. Today, China Information and Communication Research Institute released the "White Paper on 5G Network Technology Architecture". It is expected that by 2020, 5G networks are expected to be commercially available on a large scale. The arrival of 5G means that people's economic life will expand from the past mobile Internet to the “Internet of Everythingâ€. Compared with 3G/4G, the significance of 5G is not only the improvement of network speed, but also the expectation that low-latency and high-reliability scenes created by high-speed mobile broadband will be applied to mobile medical and unmanned driving fields. , set off a revolution in information communication applications. The upgrading of information and communication technology requires a combination of technological advancement, market demand and development policies. 5G faces many challenges from the exploration of the experimental network, the development of applications, and the formal commercialization. In particular, the current domestic 2G/3G/4G network coexists in multiple directions. In the context of the increasing shortage of mobile communication spectrum resources, the spectrum division of 5G networks will be a problem. 4G network is not popular 5G has arrived Mobile communication from 1G to 4G, each evolution has brought earth-shaking changes to people's daily lives, from 4G to 5G, what changes will be brewing? Scientists at the University of Surrey in the UK developed the latest and fastest 5G network technology at the beginning of this year, which can transmit about 125 GB of data per second, which is 65,000 times faster than the current 4G technology! If you use download movies to describe such a speed, it is 30 movies that can be downloaded every second. Although the definition of 5G in the communications industry is still "unclear," the leading manufacturers in the industry chain, such as telecom equipment manufacturers and operators, have focused their research on the development and unification of key technologies and related standards. . For example, Huawei proposes three major characteristics of 5G networks: network transmission speed is 10 to 100 times faster than 4G, network delay is shortened from 4 milliseconds to 50 milliseconds, and 100 millimeters of network connection is satisfied. This generalization has been basically recognized by the industry. 4G has just begun to spread, and major manufacturers have already been on the 5G. Is it too early to study 5G? From the development track of the communication industry, except for 1G, other intergenerational network standards coexist, and the time for replacement is getting shorter and shorter. The replacement interval between 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G is 12 years, 10 years, and 8 years, respectively. Therefore, it is expected to be 6 years from 4G to 5G. In fact, the three major operators in China have invested heavily in 5G research, and have made positive progress in 5G demand, vision, and key technologies. Equipment vendors such as Huawei, ZTE, and Ericsson are also working hard to develop 5G technologies that will support the future of mobile connectivity. Most companies want to test some 5G technology in 2018. Whoever goes faster and better in 5G research will be able to take the lead in future market competition. According to Wen Ku, Director of the Communication Development Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the current 5G R&D speed in Europe, Japan, Korea and China can be said to be the fastest in the world. The IMT-2020 working group, which was established two years ago and specializes in 5G research and development, is currently There has been great progress in the discussion and application analysis of 5G technology. In an interview with the media, Hakan Ohlsen, Director of Standards and Wireless Technology and Strategy, Ericsson Asia Pacific, also believes that “from the technology, sample development to the definition of application scenarios, the formulation of standards, etc., relevant countries, international organizations and enterprises are actively promoting, 2020 Commercialization is very realistic and feasible." Adjustment mode to deal with traffic explosion According to the "White Paper on 5G Network Technology Architecture" issued by China Information and Communication Research Institute, 5G commercial time can basically be divided into: the first stage, the macro description will be completed by the end of 2015; the second stage will be the technical preparation stage from 2016 to the end of 2017; In the third phase, starting from the end of 2017, countries and international organizations can submit candidate technologies to the ITU and strive to reach an agreement. By the end of 2020, the ITU will release the official 5G standard and enter commercial use. As far as the current evolution of mobile communication technology is concerned, there are two paths for 4G to 5G evolution in the industry: one is to evolve from the existing LTE to LTE-A, and then to 5G; the second is to evolve on WLAN technology and play its wireless Greater performance of broadband. In addition, the third route, the revolutionary technology beyond LTE and WLAN, is not excluded. For the average consumer, the more concerned is how the 5G will bring about changes. Obviously, the speed is not the problem that 5G should focus on. In fact, from the 3G mobile broadband journey, the mobile data transmission rate is increasing, and now the speed of up to 1Gbps can be achieved to meet the needs of most mobile data services and applications. The problem to be solved by 5G will focus on changing the technology-centric model in the past, and achieving the user experience as the center, that is, through the convergence of multiple wireless technologies and networks, to meet the explosive growth of data traffic. Based on the application model of 5G network, experts in the industry describe such a scenario: all the networks and resources around the mobile terminal can be easily “smoothed†according to the needs; or they are eating hot pot, blowing cattle, no breakpoints. Watching AV videos. And we only need to solve the power problem, and the rest will be automatically completed by the network. Of course, this is just a microcosm. 5G is a new stage for the development of mobile communications. When the “Internet of Everything†becomes a reality through 5G networks, the demand for information life of users has shifted from the network itself to various intelligent applications. Digital flooding impacts limited spectrum resources The 5G application scenario will expand from the mobile Internet to the Internet domain, requiring a new network architecture and wireless technology direction to meet the needs of the mobile Internet and the Internet at the same time, providing a guarantee for solving 5G diverse application scenarios, which brings great technical challenges. It also gave birth to a huge space for innovation. What changes will 5G bring? At present, there is still a lot of imagination, but one thing is certain, the digital flood will inevitably come with 5G. The emergence of streaming media, cloud, social networks, VOIP, etc. has begun to change people's lives, so that users' demand for mobile broadband speeds has increased rapidly, which has stimulated the growth of demand for network pipeline traffic. The value of mobile communication spectrum has become more prominent, and spectrum resources are The gap will also grow larger and larger. Today, as global spectrum resources are depleted and network construction costs are increasing, mobile communication development is demanding spectrum from increasingly higher frequency bands. At present, 3.5GHz has become the focus of global mobile operators for LTE network construction, and where will the future 5G be? Obviously, getting more spectrum resources will become an important factor driving the development of 5G. Technically speaking, it is understood that in the current 5G architecture technology, Huawei's new air interface key technology has achieved the goal of improving spectrum efficiency by 300% in field verification. However, for domestic telecom operators, 5G development needs to consider not only technical issues, but also policy games. To calmly cope with the adjustment of the industrial structure brought about by 4G to 5G evolution, industry experts believe that on the one hand, the original spectrum resources should be re-cultivated, such as clearing the original GSM/CDMA network to the network for higher efficiency. LTE; on the other hand, looking for new spectrum resources to support the explosive growth of mobile broadband services. In general, the principle of mobile communication is that the over-high frequency band is not good in terms of coverage and penetration capability, which will undoubtedly increase the operator's construction and operation and maintenance costs, and even lose more. How to obtain efficient spectrum resources, test the policy formulation of domestic operators and regulatory authorities.
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