What era changes in the era of big data

Recently, the advent of the "big data era" has become a hot topic of media attention. Big data also seems to break into any discussion about the future of the Internet overnight, becoming a hot and all-encompassing concept. The recently concluded Dalian 2013 Summer Davos World Economic Forum also featured a special discussion on the advent of the “big data era”. Regardless of what people hold on this point, the following conclusions are common: the advent of the "big data era" has become an indisputable fact, as a new resource for big people, people's lives, business activities, and government public. Management has brought about profound changes.

The advent of the era of big data has brought us many shocks. Everyone should keep up with the times, constantly improve, give up the old ideas of the broken, and accept new challenges.

International Data Corporation defines four major characteristics of big data: massive data vast, fast data flow and dynamic data systems, diverse data types, and huge data values. From the perspective of massive data scale, the time required for global IP traffic to reach 1 EB is 1 year in 2001, only 1 day in 2013, and only half a day in 2016. Globally generated data is 40% year-on-year, and global information is doubled every two years.

According to the "Digital Universe 2020" report released by the Internet Data Center in 2012, the total amount of global data in 2011 has reached 1.87ZB (1ZB = 10 trillion bytes). If these data are carved into DVDs, the length of the arrangement is It is equivalent to a round-trip distance from the Earth to the moon, and the data is growing at a rate that doubles every two years. It is estimated that by 2020, the total amount of global data will reach 35-40ZB, which will increase by more than 20 times in 10 years.

It should be emphasized that the so-called big data does not only refer to massive data, but more often refers to data that is unstructured, incomplete, and cannot be processed by traditional methods. It is also because of the application of big data technology that Google Inc. can predict the outbreak of the H1N1 flu in 2009 two weeks earlier than the government's public health department.

The era of big data in the world has come. What is big data? Just like the concept that emerged in the world today that can describe the big change, most of them first appeared in European and American society and spread to the whole world. The same is true of the emergence and popularity of the concept of “big data”.

As the name suggests, big data is a lot of data or massive data. Since the birth of the first electronic computer in 1941 in modern society, information technology has developed rapidly and unprecedentedly. The inner driving force of this development is to "data" everything in the sun. At present, with the emergence of technologies and hardware such as Internet Web 2.0, Internet of Things, mobile phones, GPS and photoelectric sensors, data is flooding like a blowout. According to statistics, the average monthly usage of global netizens in 1998 was 1MB (megabytes), 10MB in 2000, 1GB in 2008 (1GB equals 1024MB), and 10GB in 2014. The number of Internet users in China ranks first in the world, and the number of 3G mobile phone owners reaches 420 million. The amount of data generated every day is among the highest in the world.

Of course, understanding big data from a quantitative perspective is not enough. The McKinsey Global Institute report "Big Data: The Next Frontiers of Innovation, Competition, and Productivity" defines the meaning of "big data": Big data refers to the size, scale, storage, management, and analysis of traditional database software tools. A data base of capabilities. For such a definition, we can also understand from the characteristics of big data 4V. The so-called 4V (Volume, Variety, Velocity, Value) is formed by the initials of four English words that describe the characteristics of big data:

First, the amount of data is huge, and the data has jumped from the TB level to the PB level;

Second, data type diversification (Variety), network data, enterprise data, government data, network data and media data (such as social networks, blogs, microblogging, etc.), log data (such as search engines, everyone online, etc. Others will leave a lot of footprints), as well as rich media data (video, audio, etc.), the types are numerous, and there are no rules to follow, of which the proportion of unstructured data increases year by year;

The third is low density and high value. Take video as an example. In the continuous monitoring process, the data that may be useful may be only one or two seconds. The so-called low density is the data for a large amount of data passing through the “Shali Gold Rush”. Excavation, but there is huge value hidden inside;

Fourth, the processing speed is fast (Velocity), timely analysis is more meaningful for some applications, and timely processing has become one of the trends. The industry's "one-second law" believes that various processing must complete high-speed real-time processing in one second. .

From the nature of big data, “big data” represents a new type of capability unique to today's society. By analyzing massive amounts of data, we can obtain products and services of great value and gain deeper insights. . In the era of big data, data has become a new class of economic assets, just like money or gold.

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