This article is produced by NetEase Smart Studio (public number smartman 163). Focus on AI and read the next big era! Does Artificial Intelligence Cause Sexism? Supercomputer engineers are struggling to break through the limits of computer intelligence, but the artificial intelligence they create has potentially deepened the already outdated gender norms. Although they have promoted the development of technology, this development has come at the cost of a regression of social civilization. The most significant fact is that the world's top supercomputer IBM Watson has a male name and voice, but almost all virtual assistants have female names and voices, such as Siri, Alexa, and Cortana. This phenomenon is often attributed to marketing strategies. In an interview with The New York Times, Clinc Financial Software's CEO Jason Mash stated that he set up his artificial assistant to become a "helping young white woman," because in order to be successful in business, " There is a kind of pressure that urges you to conform to the popular norms of the public.†Another view is that Clifford Cansass, a professor at Tanford University, said in an interview with CNN in 2011: “This is an ingrained phenomenon. The human brain is even more Like the voice of women." However, this reason is not sufficient and customary or conditional reflections cannot be used as a measure of ethical conduct. In terms of ethnicity, artificial intelligence assistants sound more like Mexican or black voices, because during most of history, these groups are generally engaged in the work of serving others, rather than those who have powerful rights. . Judith Butler, a pioneering feminist philosopher, believes that differences in the physical structure of men and women do not lead to differences in their behavior. Thousands of years of social evolution have produced gender norms that appear to be normal under the prevailing social conditions. For example, women should wear skirts and men should wear suits. Nass emphasized in his book that men's voices are usually considered authoritative and dominant, while women are concerned with helping people to draw their own conclusions in good faith. The reason, Butler thinks this is because the long-term dominance of the patriarchal society has turned an accident into a truth-like existence. This is a delicate conditioned reflex. The fundamental problem is that science and technology are closely related to our lives and play an increasingly important role in our subconscious. So when we are accustomed to using artificial intelligence assistants to use women's voices, we will unconsciously create a stereotype that women are inferior to men. Although the use of female voice by virtual assistants will result in greater sales or make people feel more comfortable, this does not mean that it is correct. In order to challenge the old power structure, we must challenge the lifestyle they impose on us. It is important to change the name and voice of an AI assistant to change the stereotype of changing a woman’s direct default to serving other people’s roles. Perhaps worse, these artificial intelligences are not only gender-discriminating in this respect, but it is likely that there is also sexism in the entire system. Programming is a language. Just like any language, it needs to be defined. But these definitions contain ingrained prejudices, proportions, and subtle power structures that even programmers may not realize. Therefore, if the artificial intelligence program setting has a meaning of discrimination, regardless of whether these settings are intentional or unintentional, artificial intelligence itself will be discriminatory. Kate Crawford wrote in The New York Times, summarizing an artificial intelligence image recognition phenomenon: Engineers select some images to input programs, and the system builds a world model based on these images. If the system is based on a white image when programming, identifying non-white faces will be very difficult for this system. A real-life example is Google's image app that classifies blacks as gorillas. This is very worrying, because most people in Silicon Valley and the entire scientific and technological community are composed of white middle-class men. Even more frightening is that this phenomenon may lead to artificial intelligence being oppressed or even started to go backwards. To put it lightly, this may mean that artificial intelligence will face downsizing because of its lack of diversity. This must be corrected by hiring more female futurists, technicians, and researchers. We give technology too much rights and even give it the important ability to change our understanding. The price we pay for it is that we must be very careful. Because of the understanding of the potential consequences of anthropomorphism and procedural settings and its potential to subtly change our perception. We must note that the use of female voices in smart assistants is not a direct cause of gender stereotypes and gender oppression. Some companies may wisely follow the example of Google's assistants, which is a step towards gender neutrality. In addition, removing the humanization of artificial intelligence assistants, programmers can only influence the way we interact with technology, and do not influence potential interactions with others through potential gender discrimination. (From: Futurism Translation: Netease Smart Compiler Review: Yang Xu)
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